The Human Physiology and Anatomy: Human body is a complex structure made of different types of cells. These cells make up the tissues. These tissues make up an organ. All these organs make an organ system in the body. This organ system then makes up an organism. Human body has various organ systems which coordinate the functioning of each other in order to ensure the normal functioning of the body as a whole.
Continue with the blog to know what is the complete physiology and anatomy of the human body? Who is the Almighty God who created the complex human body? How to attain the Almighty God?
Human Physiology and Anatomy: Key highlights
● Human body is one of the miracles of the Almighty God.
● Human body is full of secrets, many of which are yet to be unfolded.
● Human body is made up of trillions of cells.
● There are various organ systems in the human body where all the cells are organised.
● Anatomy is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the internal structures.
● Physiology is the branch of biology which deals with the study of the functioning of the living matter and the physical and chemical phenomenon involved in them.
● Who is the Almighty God who created the human body?
● How to achieve the Almighty God?
Human Physiology and Anatomy: Early History
Physiology
● The earlier studies regarding physiology originated in ancient India and Egypt.
● Hippocrates (late 5th century B.C.) gave the theory of the humours. This theory states that the human body has four types of humours, each of which responds to the elements of nature. Any disproportionation in these humours caused illness.
1. Black bile concerned with earth
2. Yellow bile concerned with to fire
3. Blood concerned with the air
4. Phlegm concerned with water
● Claudius Galenus was the one to incorporate experimental knowledge for the first time in the study of physiology.
● Jean Fernel first gave the term physiology which means the ‘the study of nature, origin’.
● The discovery of blood circulation in the body by William Harvey provided some shift from the typical four humour hypothesis.
● Then onwards, the science of physiology made further progress with the contribution of Joseph Lister, Ivan Pavlov, August Krogh, Andrew Huxley- Alan Hodgkin and Andrew- Hugh Huxley and other scientists.
Human Physiology and Anatomy: Anatomy
● The Earliest documented scientific dissection dates back to 3rd century B.C. in Alexandria, which were carried out primarily on animals like pigs and monkeys.
● Claudius Galenus (Greece), is the most influential physicist in the field of anatomy. His theory of animals and human anatomy continued to influence the study of anatomy for over 1,000 years.
● In the 12th to 13th century, due to the social authorities there were rejection of dissection of the human body which brought a temporary halt in the further experimentation of the human anatomy.
● Leonardo Da Vinci in the 15-16th century B.C. performed many dissections of the human corpses. He along with Michelangelo depicted the minute details of the muscle structure, the bone structure, the skeleton and the skin.
● It was Andreas Vesalius, who made a number of observations during public dissections. He also dissected the human body and recognised nearly 200 errors in the anatomical works of Claudius Galenus .
Human Physiology and Anatomy: Difference between the terms
Human Physiology and Anatomy: The terms Anatomy and Physiology are often confused with each other. But they are distinct. Anatomy is the study of the internal structures of the body whereas physiology is the study of the functioning of the living matter and the physical and chemical phenomenon involved in them.
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Branches of Physiology
Human Physiology and Anatomy: There are various branches of physiology:
● Cell physiology: This branch deals with the study of the functioning of the cell and also the intercellular interaction. Mainly involves transport of substances across the plasma membrane and the transmission of impulse across a neuron.
● Defense physiology: Deals with the study of various defense mechanisms that occur in the human body. It also includes the fight and flight response.
● Evolutionary physiology: It emphasises the study of the physiological changes that occurred during the course of evolution. It includes the selection of sex, behaviour and other geography based changes.
● System physiology: This branch deals with the study of functioning of systems as an interaction of the tissues in the body. For example the study of cardiovascular system, digestive system etc.
● Exercise physiology: It emphasises the study of changes that occur in the body during exercise, their effects in different terms.
Human Physiology and Anatomy: Branches of Anatomy
Human Physiology and Anatomy: To understand the anatomy better, one must also know about the branches of anatomy.
● Gross Anatomy: involves the macroscopic study of the structures of the body.
● Living anatomy: this involves the identification and description of the body structure.
● Embryology: it is the study of the development of an individual starting from the single cell to complete organism.
● Histology: it involves the microscopic study of the body structure which involves the cellular and other information.
● Surface Anatomy: just like the name, it involves the study of the body surfaces and their relations with the deeper body parts.
● Clinical anatomy: deals with the utilisation of the anatomical knowledge for the practical diagnosis, treatment and surgery to cure diseases.
Human Physiology and Anatomy: Major Systems in the human body
Human Physiology and Anatomy: The study of human physiology is incomplete without the knowledge of systems in the human body. There are various systems in the human body which are required for the functioning of the human body. Major systems and their parts are mentioned below
● Digestive system: This system is concerned with the digestion of food into simpler forms which can be absorbed by the body. It includes the mouth (buccal cavity), oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and anus.
● Respiratory system: Main function of this system is to provide oxygen rich air to the body from the surroundings. It includes nostrils, nasal passage, nasal chamber, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveolus and the associated ducts.
● Circulatory system: Circulatory system is essential for the transport of useful substances such as oxygen, absorbed food to each and every cell of the body and removal of waste products like carbon dioxide oxide, nitrogenous waste etc from them. This includes the heart, blood vessels like arteries and veins.
● Excretory system: Mainly concerned with the removal of waste substances from the body, this system includes a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, urinary bladder and urethra.
● Skeletal system: The system is responsible for making the framework of the body. Divided into two parts the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton, this system contains bones and cartilages.
● Muscular system: Primarily essential for the movement and locomotion of the body, the muscular system consists of different types of muscles: the smooth muscles, cardiac muscles and the voluntary muscles of the body.
● Nervous system: The nervous system provides coordination in the activities of various organs of the body and provides end to end connection for the transmission of messages in the form of nerve impulses in the body. It is divided into the central nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord and the peripheral nervous system consisting of nerves.
● Endocrine system: This system along with the neural system jointly coordinates the various functions of the body. It includes various organised and non organised ductless glands. This system provides communication with the use of chemicals known as neurotransmitters.
● Integumentary system: This system includes the skin, the hair and nails etc.
● Male Reproductive system: Performing the role of male gamete formation and transfer, the male reproductive system consists of a pair of testes, seminal vesicles, vas deferens, epididymis, bulbourethral gland and a single prostate gland.
● Female reproductive system: This system is concerned with the formation and transfer of female gamete and the process involving menstruation, fertilisation, gestation and parturition. It includes a pair of ovaries, oviducts, a single uterus and vagina.
Almighty God Created Humans According to His Form
The Holy book Bible mentions in Genesis that God created Living Beings and Man on the Sixth Day of creation. It is well mentioned that God created man in His own image. This beautiful human body is the gift of the Almighty God. Almighty God is God Kabir. God Kabir created this whole universe in six days and sat on the throne on the seventh day of creation.
Readers must understand that this human body is provided by the Almighty to do sadbhakti (correct way of worship) and attain salvation. Attaining God is the ultimate purpose of Thai Human life.
Saint Rampal Ji Maharaj ji is currently the only spiritual saint in the world who provides satbhakti in accordance with all the holy scriptures. Readers are requested to read the sacred books ‘Gyan Ganga’ and ‘Jeene ki Raah’ written by Saint Rampal Ji Maharaj or listen to Spiritual Satsang of Saint Rampal Ji to get all the knowledge of the true satbhakti mentioned in our holy scriptures. Readers can also take spiritual name initiation from Saint Rampal Ji Maharaj and do the satbhakti and attain salvation and worldly benefits.
FAQs on Human Physiology and Anatomy
Question: What is the meaning of Physiology?
Answer: Physiology is the branch of biology which deals with the study of the functioning of the living matter and the physical and chemical phenomenon involved in them.
Question: What do we understand by Anatomy?
Answer: Anatomy is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the internal structures.
Question: Which Almighty God created the Human body?
Answer: Almighty God Kabir Ji created the Human body according to His form
Question: How to attain the Almighty God?
Answer: To attain the Almighty God, take naan initiation from Saint Rampal Ji Maharaj and do satbhakti provided by Saint Rampal Ji.
